Which airspace extends from the surface to the surface of the overlying airspace and follows Visual Flight Rules?

Class G airspace, also known as uncontrolled airspace, extends from the surface to the base of the overlying airspace. It typically operates under Visual Flight Rules (VFR), which allow pilots to operate under visual conditions rather than relying solely on instruments. This classification of airspace has fewer restrictions compared to controlled airspace, enabling pilots to fly without needing air traffic control clearance, as long as they maintain safe visibility and distance from obstacles.

Flying in Class G airspace is common for personal, recreational, and some training flights, as it provides flexibility for pilots who are adhering to visual flight conditions. The main characteristic of Class G is that it is primarily used by general aviation pilots who operate in visual meteorological conditions (VMC).

The other categories of airspace, such as Class A, C, and E, involve more stringent regulations and typically require pilots to adhere to instrument flight rules (IFR) or to maintain communication with air traffic control. This makes Class G unique in that it is the only airspace where pilots can operate without mandatory communication and under visual flight rules from the surface.